Les paquets de noyau cassés empêchant l'installation / la mise à jour
Premièrement, j'ai examiné les différentes questions et réponses sur ce sujet et elles n'ont pas résolu mon problème. Je ne me suis donc pas contentée de passer sans un long passage sur Google et ici. En outre, il n'y a pas de partition de démarrage séparée et il y a beaucoup d'espace disponible.
Je suis sur 16.04 et je pense que ce qui est arrivé est que mon ordinateur portable a été redémarré ou est tombé en panne lors de l'exécution d'une mise à jour. Certes, je suis revenu inopinément lorsque je suis revenu dessus et je ne peux plus rien installer avec apt-get. Dans ma recherche d'une solution, le seul changement majeur par rapport à ce moment-là est que j'ai essayé de forcer la suppression de linux-generic comme suggéré quelque part, mais bien que cela ait réussi à supprimer le paquet, il ne serait pas réinstallé.
Actuellement, j'ai pu me rabattre sur le noyau 4.8.0-54-generic qui fonctionne assez bien (j'utilise l'ordinateur portable maintenant).
Je commencerai par dpkg --audit:
The following packages have been unpacked but not yet configured.
They must be configured using dpkg --configure or the configure
menu option in dselect for them to work:
linux-generic-hwe-16.04 Complete Generic Linux kernel and headers
linux-image-extra-4.8.0-56-generic Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.8.
linux-image-extra-4.8.0-58-generic Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.8.
linux-image-generic-hwe-16.04 Generic Linux kernel image
The following packages are only half configured, probably due to problems
configuring them the first time. The configuration should be retried using
dpkg --configure <package> or the configure menu option in dselect:
linux-image-4.8.0-53-generic Linux kernel image for version 4.8.0 on 64 bit x8
linux-image-4.8.0-56-generic Linux kernel image for version 4.8.0 on 64 bit x8
linux-image-4.8.0-58-generic Linux kernel image for version 4.8.0 on 64 bit x8
The following packages are only half installed, due to problems during
installation. The installation can probably be completed by retrying it;
the packages can be removed using dselect or dpkg --remove:
linux-image-extra-4.4.0-83-generic Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.4.
linux-image-extra-4.8.0-53-generic Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.8.
L'exécution de for i in /boot/vmlinuz* ; do dpkg -S $i | egrep -v $(uname -r); done |cut -d- -f3-4 génère:
4.4.0-53
4.8.0-53
4.8.0-56
4.8.0-58
dpkg ne fera fondamentalement rien sauf quelques suppressions. Donc, dpkg --configure -a produit:
Setting up linux-image-4.8.0-53-generic (4.8.0-53.56~16.04.1) ...
Running depmod.
update-initramfs: deferring update (hook will be called later)
Not updating initrd symbolic links since we are being updated/reinstalled
(4.8.0-53.56~16.04.1 was configured last, according to dpkg)
Not updating image symbolic links since we are being updated/reinstalled
(4.8.0-53.56~16.04.1 was configured last, according to dpkg)
Examining /etc/kernel/postinst.d.
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/apt-auto-removal 4.8.0-53-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.0-53-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/dkms 4.8.0-53-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.0-53-generic
Error! Your kernel headers for kernel 4.8.0-53-generic cannot be found.
Please install the linux-headers-4.8.0-53-generic package,
or use the --kernelsourcedir option to tell DKMS where it's located
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 4.8.0-53-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.0-53-generic
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-4.8.0-53-generic
cp: cannot stat '/etc/fonts/conf.d/60-latin.conf': No such file or directory
E: /usr/share/initramfs-tools/hooks/plymouth failed with return 1.
update-initramfs: failed for /boot/initrd.img-4.8.0-53-generic with 1.
run-parts: /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools exited with return code 1
Failed to process /etc/kernel/postinst.d at /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-4.8.0-53-generic.postinst line 1052.
dpkg: error processing package linux-image-4.8.0-53-generic (--configure):
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 2
Setting up linux-image-4.8.0-58-generic (4.8.0-58.63~16.04.1) ...
Running depmod.
update-initramfs: deferring update (hook will be called later)
The link /initrd.img is a dangling linkto /boot/initrd.img-4.8.0-56-generic
Examining /etc/kernel/postinst.d.
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/apt-auto-removal 4.8.0-58-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.0-58-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/dkms 4.8.0-58-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.0-58-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 4.8.0-58-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.0-58-generic
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-4.8.0-58-generic
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/i915/kbl_dmc_ver1_01.bin for module i915
cp: cannot stat '/etc/fonts/conf.d/60-latin.conf': No such file or directory
E: /usr/share/initramfs-tools/hooks/plymouth failed with return 1.
update-initramfs: failed for /boot/initrd.img-4.8.0-58-generic with 1.
run-parts: /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools exited with return code 1
Failed to process /etc/kernel/postinst.d at /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-4.8.0-58-generic.postinst line 1052.
dpkg: error processing package linux-image-4.8.0-58-generic (--configure):
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 2
Setting up linux-image-4.8.0-56-generic (4.8.0-56.61~16.04.1) ...
Running depmod.
update-initramfs: deferring update (hook will be called later)
The link /initrd.img is a dangling linkto /boot/initrd.img-4.8.0-58-generic
Examining /etc/kernel/postinst.d.
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/apt-auto-removal 4.8.0-56-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.0-56-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/dkms 4.8.0-56-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.0-56-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 4.8.0-56-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.0-56-generic
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-4.8.0-56-generic
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/i915/kbl_dmc_ver1_01.bin for module i915
cp: cannot stat '/etc/fonts/conf.d/60-latin.conf': No such file or directory
E: /usr/share/initramfs-tools/hooks/plymouth failed with return 1.
update-initramfs: failed for /boot/initrd.img-4.8.0-56-generic with 1.
run-parts: /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools exited with return code 1
Failed to process /etc/kernel/postinst.d at /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-4.8.0-56-generic.postinst line 1052.
dpkg: error processing package linux-image-4.8.0-56-generic (--configure):
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 2
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-image-generic-hwe-16.04:
linux-image-generic-hwe-16.04 depends on linux-image-4.8.0-58-generic; however:
Package linux-image-4.8.0-58-generic is not configured yet.
dpkg: error processing package linux-image-generic-hwe-16.04 (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-image-extra-4.8.0-58-generic:
linux-image-extra-4.8.0-58-generic depends on linux-image-4.8.0-58-generic; however:
Package linux-image-4.8.0-58-generic is not configured yet.
dpkg: error processing package linux-image-extra-4.8.0-58-generic (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-image-extra-4.8.0-56-generic:
linux-image-extra-4.8.0-56-generic depends on linux-image-4.8.0-56-generic; however:
Package linux-image-4.8.0-56-generic is not configured yet.
dpkg: error processing package linux-image-extra-4.8.0-56-generic (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-generic-hwe-16.04:
linux-generic-hwe-16.04 depends on linux-image-generic-hwe-16.04 (= 4.8.0.58.29); however:
Package linux-image-generic-hwe-16.04 is not configured yet.
dpkg: error processing package linux-generic-hwe-16.04 (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Errors were encountered while processing:
linux-image-4.8.0-53-generic
linux-image-4.8.0-58-generic
linux-image-4.8.0-56-generic
linux-image-generic-hwe-16.04
linux-image-extra-4.8.0-58-generic
linux-image-extra-4.8.0-56-generic
linux-generic-hwe-16.04
Notez qu'il se plaint de fichiers d'en-tête manquants pour un noyau différent de celui qui est en cours d'exécution (-53 au lieu de -54, les deux étant assez éloignés du noyau le plus élevé que j'avais installé avant que ce désordre ne se produise).
apt-get -f install donne:
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Correcting dependencies... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
linux-headers-4.4.0-83 linux-headers-4.4.0-83-generic linux-image-4.4.0-83-generic linux-image-extra-4.4.0-83-generic
Use 'Sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following additional packages will be installed:
libcogl-common libcogl-pango20 linux-image-4.4.0-83-generic
Suggested packages:
fdutils linux-doc-4.4.0 | linux-source-4.4.0 linux-tools
The following packages will be REMOVED
linux-image-extra-4.8.0-53-generic
The following NEW packages will be installed
libcogl-common libcogl-pango20 linux-image-4.4.0-83-generic
0 to upgrade, 3 to newly install, 1 to remove and 78 not to upgrade.
9 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 0 B/58.0 MB of archives.
After this operation, 94.3 MB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
(Reading database ... 389562 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing linux-image-extra-4.8.0-53-generic (4.8.0-53.56~16.04.1) ...
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/apt-auto-removal 4.8.0-53-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.0-53-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/dkms 4.8.0-53-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.0-53-generic
Error! Your kernel headers for kernel 4.8.0-53-generic cannot be found.
Please install the linux-headers-4.8.0-53-generic package,
or use the --kernelsourcedir option to tell DKMS where it's located
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 4.8.0-53-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.0-53-generic
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-4.8.0-53-generic
cp: cannot stat '/etc/fonts/conf.d/60-latin.conf': No such file or directory
E: /usr/share/initramfs-tools/hooks/plymouth failed with return 1.
update-initramfs: failed for /boot/initrd.img-4.8.0-53-generic with 1.
run-parts: /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools exited with return code 1
dpkg: error processing package linux-image-extra-4.8.0-53-generic (--remove):
subprocess installed post-removal script returned error exit status 1
Errors were encountered while processing:
linux-image-extra-4.8.0-53-generic
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
Enfin, apt-get upgrade donne:
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run ‘apt-get -f install’ to correct these.
The following packages have unmet dependencies.
libclutter-1.0-0 : Depends: libcogl-pango20 (>= 1.17.4) but it is not installed
Recommends: libclutter-1.0-common but it is not installed
linux-image-extra-4.4.0-83-generic : Depends: linux-image-4.4.0-83-generic but it is not installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try using -f.
Et c'est là que je suis. Il ne semble pas y avoir grand chose qui ne va pas - quelques paquets du noyau ont tout foiré, mais je ne parviens pas à le résoudre. Je préférerais ne pas avoir à réinstaller car il y a des bases de données sur cette machine qui seraient perdues et je n'ai pas d'espace pour sauvegarder pour le moment. Ils ne sont pas critiques, mais il faudrait un jour ou deux pour les reconstruire et pour le moment, la machine fonctionne bien, à part le fait qu'elle ne peut pas être mise à jour.
Qu'est-ce que j'essaie ensuite?
En fait, j'ai rencontré le même problème avec vous. Et je pense, je viens de le réparer. Voir la capture d'écran ici
Commencez par télécharger et installer linux-headers-4.8.0-53_4.8.0-53.56 ~ 16.04.1_all.deb .
Ensuite, téléchargez et installez linux-headers-4.8.0-53-generic_4.8.0-53.56 ~ 16.04.1_AMD64.deb.
Essayez apt update puis apt upgrade.
UPDATE
Si vous trouvez une erreur telle que E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1), suivez ces étapes.
- Exécutez
dpkg --remove --force-remove-reinstreq linux-image-extra-4.8.0-58-generic - Puis lancez
apt install linux-image-extra-4.8.0-58-generic