J'ai remarqué de nombreuses informations sur la manière d'obtenir votre position à l'aide de la géolocalisation de Google, en fonction de l'adresse IP. Mais je me demande si et comment je pourrais utiliser ce service pour entrer une position (longitude et latitude) et récupérer l’adresse actuelle, ou au moins une ville, un état.
Je voudrais faire ceci en C #, mais je travaillerai avec n’importe quelle langue.
Aucun conseil?
Ce que vous décrivez s'appelle Géocodage Inverse . Google fournit une API de service Web de géocodage que vous pouvez appeler à partir de votre application côté serveur (en utilisant n'importe quel langage) pour effectuer un géocodage inverse .
Par exemple, la requête suivante:
_ { http://maps.google.com/maps/api/geocode/xml?latlng=40.714224,-73.961452&sensor=false
... retournera une réponse qui ressemble à la suivante (tronquée):
<GeocodeResponse>
<status>OK</status>
<result>
<type>street_address</type>
<formatted_address>277 Bedford Ave, Brooklyn, NY 11211, USA</formatted_address>
<address_component>
<long_name>277</long_name>
<short_name>277</short_name>
<type>street_number</type>
</address_component>
<address_component>
<long_name>Bedford Ave</long_name>
<short_name>Bedford Ave</short_name>
<type>route</type>
</address_component>
<address_component>
<long_name>Brooklyn</long_name>
<short_name>Brooklyn</short_name>
<type>sublocality</type>
<type>political</type>
</address_component>
<address_component>
<long_name>New York</long_name>
<short_name>New York</short_name>
<type>locality</type>
<type>political</type>
</address_component>
<address_component>
<long_name>Kings</long_name>
<short_name>Kings</short_name>
<type>administrative_area_level_2</type>
<type>political</type>
</address_component>
<address_component>
<long_name>New York</long_name>
<short_name>NY</short_name>
<type>administrative_area_level_1</type>
<type>political</type>
</address_component>
<address_component>
<long_name>United States</long_name>
<short_name>US</short_name>
<type>country</type>
<type>political</type>
</address_component>
<address_component>
<long_name>11211</long_name>
<short_name>11211</short_name>
<type>postal_code</type>
</address_component>
<geometry>
<location>
<lat>40.7142330</lat>
<lng>-73.9612910</lng>
</location>
<location_type>ROOFTOP</location_type>
<viewport>
<southwest>
<lat>40.7110854</lat>
<lng>-73.9644386</lng>
</southwest>
<northeast>
<lat>40.7173806</lat>
<lng>-73.9581434</lng>
</northeast>
</viewport>
</geometry>
</result>
</GeocodeResponse>
Sachez toutefois que les conditions d'utilisation de l'API Google Maps semblent interdire le stockage des résultats }, à moins que le magasin ne serve de cache pour les données utilisées dans Google Maps. Vous pouvez contacter Google et vous renseigner sur le Google Maps API Premier afin de disposer de conditions d'utilisation plus souples pour vos besoins en géocodage.
Voici une implémentation de c #. Veuillez noter que je ne suis pas un programmeur c # - le code pourrait donc être laid. Mais ça marche. Cela vous donne plus que juste l'adresse .C'est une application console, vous devriez pouvoir l'adapter facilement aux formulaires Web ou aux formulaires.
using System;
using System.Threading;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Web;
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.XPath;
namespace ReverseGeoLookup
{
// http://code.google.com/apis/maps/documentation/geocoding/#ReverseGeocoding
public static string ReverseGeoLoc(string longitude, string latitude,
out string Address_ShortName,
out string Address_country,
out string Address_administrative_area_level_1,
out string Address_administrative_area_level_2,
out string Address_administrative_area_level_3,
out string Address_colloquial_area,
out string Address_locality,
out string Address_sublocality,
out string Address_neighborhood)
{
Address_ShortName = "";
Address_country = "";
Address_administrative_area_level_1 = "";
Address_administrative_area_level_2 = "";
Address_administrative_area_level_3 = "";
Address_colloquial_area = "";
Address_locality = "";
Address_sublocality = "";
Address_neighborhood = "";
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
try
{
doc.Load("http://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/xml?latlng=" + latitude + "," + longitude + "&sensor=false");
XmlNode element = doc.SelectSingleNode("//GeocodeResponse/status");
if (element.InnerText == "ZERO_RESULTS")
{
return ("No data available for the specified location");
}
else
{
element = doc.SelectSingleNode("//GeocodeResponse/result/formatted_address");
string longname="";
string shortname="";
string typename ="";
bool fHit=false;
XmlNodeList xnList = doc.SelectNodes("//GeocodeResponse/result/address_component");
foreach (XmlNode xn in xnList)
{
try
{
longname = xn["long_name"].InnerText;
shortname = xn["short_name"].InnerText;
typename = xn["type"].InnerText;
fHit = true;
switch (typename)
{
//Add whatever you are looking for below
case "country":
{
Address_country = longname;
Address_ShortName = shortname;
break;
}
case "locality":
{
Address_locality = longname;
//Address_locality = shortname; //Om Longname visar sig innehålla konstigheter kan man använda shortname istället
break;
}
case "sublocality":
{
Address_sublocality = longname;
break;
}
case "neighborhood":
{
Address_neighborhood = longname;
break;
}
case "colloquial_area":
{
Address_colloquial_area = longname;
break;
}
case "administrative_area_level_1":
{
Address_administrative_area_level_1 = longname;
break;
}
case "administrative_area_level_2":
{
Address_administrative_area_level_2 = longname;
break;
}
case "administrative_area_level_3":
{
Address_administrative_area_level_3 = longname;
break;
}
default:
fHit = false;
break;
}
if (fHit)
{
Console.Write(typename);
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Green;
Console.Write("\tL: " + longname + "\tS:" + shortname + "\r\n");
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Gray;
}
}
catch (Exception e)
{
//Node missing either, longname, shortname or typename
fHit = false;
Console.Write(" Invalid data: ");
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Red;
Console.Write("\tX: " + xn.InnerXml + "\r\n");
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Gray;
}
}
//Console.ReadKey();
return (element.InnerText);
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
return ("(Address lookup failed: ) " + ex.Message);
}
}
}
Ce que vous essayez de faire, c'est d'inverser le géocodage (voir la réponse de Daniel).
Un exemple d'implémentation en PHP:
/**
* reverse geocoding via google maps api
* convert lat/lon into a name
*/
function reverse_geocode($lat, $lon) {
$url = "http://maps.google.com/maps/api/geocode/json?latlng=$lat,$lon&sensor=false";
$data = json_decode(file_get_contents($url));
if (!isset($data->results[0]->formatted_address)){
return "unknown Place";
}
return $data->results[0]->formatted_address;
}
protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
this.calcularRota(txtOrigem.Text.Trim(), txtDestino.Text.Trim());
}
public void calcularRota(string latitude, string longitude)
{
//URL do distancematrix - adicionando endereco de origem e destino
string url = string.Format("http://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/xml?latlng={0},{1}&sensor=false", latitude, longitude);
XElement xml = XElement.Load(url);
// verifica se o status é ok
if (xml.Element("status").Value == "OK")
{
//Formatar a resposta
Label3.Text = string.Format("<strong>Origem</strong>: {0}",
//Pegar endereço de origem
xml.Element("result").Element("formatted_address").Value);
//Pegar endereço de destino
}
else
{
Label3.Text = String.Concat("Ocorreu o seguinte erro: ", xml.Element("status").Value);
}
}
}
Les API Google Maps passent par-dessus http, il est donc possible d'envoyer la requête avec get, puis de l'analyse ... Il devrait être possible de le faire dans n'importe quelle langue.
Par exemple, en PHP:
$ret = file_get_contents("http://maps.google.com/maps/api/geocode/xml?address=" .
urlencode($address) .
"&sensor=false" .
"&key=" . $this->key
);
$xml = new SimpleXMLElement($ret);
$error = $xml->status;
Même chose pour toutes les API.
L'API de Google est un moyen simple d'obtenir une adresse.
Par exemple.
using System.Xml;
//Console.WriteLine("enter coordinate:");
string coordinate = "32.797821,-96.781720"; //Console.ReadLine();
XmlDocument xDoc = new XmlDocument();
xDoc.Load("https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/xml?latlng=" + coordinate);
XmlNodeList xNodelst = xDoc.GetElementsByTagName("result");
XmlNode xNode = xNodelst.Item(0);
string FullAddress = xNode.SelectSingleNode("formatted_address").InnerText;
string Number = xNode.SelectSingleNode("address_component[1]/long_name").InnerText;
string Street = xNode.SelectSingleNode("address_component[2]/long_name").InnerText;
string Village = xNode.SelectSingleNode("address_component[3]/long_name").InnerText;
string Area = xNode.SelectSingleNode("address_component[4]/long_name").InnerText;
string County = xNode.SelectSingleNode("address_component[5]/long_name").InnerText;
string State = xNode.SelectSingleNode("address_component[6]/long_name").InnerText;
string Zip = xNode.SelectSingleNode("address_component[8]/long_name").InnerText;
string Country = xNode.SelectSingleNode("address_component[7]/long_name").InnerText;
Console.WriteLine("Full Address: " + FullAddress);
Console.WriteLine("Number: " + Number);
Console.WriteLine("Street: " + Street);
Console.WriteLine("Village: " + Village);
Console.WriteLine("Area: " + Area);
Console.WriteLine("County: " + County);
Console.WriteLine("State: " + State);
Console.WriteLine("Zip: " + Zip);
Console.WriteLine("Country: " + Country);
Console.ReadLine();
P.S. soyez prudent avec différentes adresses avec différents composants.
géocodage inversé: obtenez l'adresse à partir de la latitude et de la longitude à l'aide de Google Maps, géocodage api dans asp.net
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
GetAddress("53.2734", "-7.77832031");
}
private string GetAddress(string latitude, string longitude)
{
string locationName = "";
string url = string.Format("http://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/xml?latlng={0},{1}&sensor=false", latitude, longitude);
XElement xml = XElement.Load(url);
if (xml.Element("status").Value == "OK")
{
locationName = string.Format("{0}",
xml.Element("result").Element("formatted_address").Value);
Label1.Text = locationName;
}
return locationName;
}
private string getLocationByGeoLocation(string longitude, string latitude)
{
string locationName = string.Empty;
try
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(longitude) || string.IsNullOrEmpty(latitude))
return "";
string url = string.Format("https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/xml?latlng={0},{1}&sensor=false", latitude, longitude);
WebRequest request = WebRequest.Create(url);
using (WebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse())
{
using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8))
{
DataSet dsResult = new DataSet();
dsResult.ReadXml(reader);
try
{
foreach (DataRow row in dsResult.Tables["result"].Rows)
{
string fullAddress = row["formatted_address"].ToString();
}
}
catch (Exception)
{
}
}
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
lblError.Text = ex.Message;
}
return locationName;
}