Pourquoi ne puis-je pas démarrer isc-dhcp-server lors de l'installation?
Je suis ce tutoriel pour installer Linux dans un système qui n'a pas de lecteur de CD ni de capacités de démarrage USB. Finalement, j'ai atteint le point où j'ai dû installer isc-dhcp-server et je l'ai fait, en quelque sorte.
Apt me dit qu'il y a un paquet partiellement installé. Je cours Sudo apt-get install -f et j'obtiens ce qui suit:
Job for isc-dhcp-server.service failed. See 'systemctl status isc-dhcp server.service' and 'journalctl -xn' for details.
invoke-rc.d: initscript isc-dhcp-server, action "start" failed.
dpkg: error processing package isc-dhcp-server (--configure):
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1
Errors were encountered while processing:
isc-dhcp-server
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
Si je fais /etc/init.d/isc-dhcp-server start l'invite se compose des deux premières lignes du même message.
Sortie de Sudo systemctl status isc-dhcp-server:
● isc-dhcp-server.service - LSB: DHCP server
Loaded: loaded (/etc/init.d/isc-dhcp-server)
Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Fri 2014-12-12 13:19:25 CST; 2min 43s ago
Process: 1677 ExecStart=/etc/init.d/isc-dhcp-server start (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
Dec 12 13:19:23 semplice dhcpd[1684]: you want, please write a subnet declaration
Dec 12 13:19:23 semplice dhcpd[1684]: in your dhcpd.conf file for the network segment
Dec 12 13:19:23 semplice dhcpd[1684]: to which interface eth0 is attached. **
Dec 12 13:19:23 semplice dhcpd[1684]:
Dec 12 13:19:23 semplice dhcpd[1684]:
Dec 12 13:19:25 semplice isc-dhcp-server[1677]: Starting ISC DHCP server: dhcpdcheck syslog for diagnostics. ... failed!
Dec 12 13:19:25 semplice isc-dhcp-server[1677]: failed!
Dec 12 13:19:25 semplice systemd[1]: isc-dhcp-server.service: control process exited, code=exited status=1
Dec 12 13:19:25 semplice systemd[1]: Failed to start LSB: DHCP server.
Dec 12 13:19:25 semplice systemd[1]: Unit isc-dhcp-server.service entered failed state.
Sortie de Sudo journalctl -xn:
-- Logs begin at Fri 2014-12-12 12:57:16 CST, end at Fri 2014-12-12 13:32:01 CST. --
Dec 12 13:31:58 semplice NetworkManager[505]: <info> lease time 86400
Dec 12 13:31:58 semplice NetworkManager[505]: <info> nameserver '192.168.1.254'
Dec 12 13:31:58 semplice NetworkManager[505]: <info> domain name 'lan'
Dec 12 13:31:58 semplice dbus[518]: [system] Activating via systemd: service name='org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher' unit='dbus-org.freedesktop.nm-dispatcher.ser
Dec 12 13:31:58 semplice dbus[518]: [system] Successfully activated service 'org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher'
Dec 12 13:31:58 semplice nm-dispatcher[2194]: Dispatching action 'dhcp4-change' for wlan0
Dec 12 13:31:58 semplice dhclient[616]: bound to 192.168.1.65 -- renewal in 45 seconds.
Dec 12 13:31:58 semplice NetworkManager[505]: bound to 192.168.1.65 -- renewal in 45 seconds.
Dec 12 13:32:01 semplice Sudo[2197]: alejandro : TTY=pts/0 ; PWD=/home/alejandro ; USER=root ; COMMAND=/bin/journalctl -xn
Dec 12 13:32:01 semplice Sudo[2197]: pam_unix(Sudo:session): session opened for user root by alejandro(uid=0)
Ce est mon /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.config fichier qui n'est qu'une copie de l'exemple du tutoriel mentionné ci-dessus.
Sortie de /var/log/syslog lire immédiatement après l'exécution de apt-get install -f
Dec 12 16:42:40 localhost dhclient: DHCPREQUEST on wlan0 to 192.168.1.254 port 67
Dec 12 16:42:40 localhost NetworkManager[505]: DHCPREQUEST on wlan0 to 192.168.1.254 port 67
Dec 12 16:42:40 localhost dhclient: DHCPACK from 192.168.1.254
Dec 12 16:42:40 localhost NetworkManager[505]: DHCPACK from 192.168.1.254
Dec 12 16:42:40 localhost NetworkManager[505]: <info> (wlan0): DHCPv4 state changed renew -> renew
Dec 12 16:42:40 localhost NetworkManager[505]: <info> address 192.168.1.65
Dec 12 16:42:40 localhost NetworkManager[505]: <info> plen 24 (255.255.255.0)
Dec 12 16:42:40 localhost NetworkManager[505]: <info> gateway 192.168.1.254
Dec 12 16:42:40 localhost NetworkManager[505]: <info> server identifier 192.168.1.254
Dec 12 16:42:40 localhost NetworkManager[505]: <info> lease time 86400
Dec 12 16:42:40 localhost NetworkManager[505]: <info> nameserver '192.168.1.254'
Dec 12 16:42:40 localhost NetworkManager[505]: <info> domain name 'lan'
Dec 12 16:42:40 localhost dbus[518]: [system] Activating via systemd: service name='org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher' unit='dbus-org.freedesktop.nm-dispatcher.service'
Dec 12 16:42:40 localhost dbus[518]: [system] Successfully activated service 'org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher'
Dec 12 16:42:40 localhost nm-dispatcher: Dispatching action 'dhcp4-change' for wlan0
Dec 12 16:42:41 localhost dhclient: bound to 192.168.1.65 -- renewal in 52 seconds.
Dec 12 16:42:41 localhost NetworkManager[505]: bound to 192.168.1.65 -- renewal in 52 seconds.
Dec 12 16:43:32 localhost dhclient: DHCPREQUEST on wlan0 to 192.168.1.254 port 67
Dec 12 16:43:32 localhost NetworkManager[505]: DHCPREQUEST on wlan0 to 192.168.1.254 port 67
Dec 12 16:43:32 localhost dhclient: DHCPACK from 192.168.1.254
Dec 12 16:43:32 localhost NetworkManager[505]: DHCPACK from 192.168.1.254
Dec 12 16:43:32 localhost NetworkManager[505]: <info> (wlan0): DHCPv4 state changed renew -> renew
Dec 12 16:43:32 localhost NetworkManager[505]: <info> address 192.168.1.65
Dec 12 16:43:32 localhost NetworkManager[505]: <info> plen 24 (255.255.255.0)
Dec 12 16:43:32 localhost NetworkManager[505]: <info> gateway 192.168.1.254
Dec 12 16:43:32 localhost NetworkManager[505]: <info> server identifier 192.168.1.254
Dec 12 16:43:32 localhost NetworkManager[505]: <info> lease time 86400
Dec 12 16:43:32 localhost NetworkManager[505]: <info> nameserver '192.168.1.254'
Dec 12 16:43:32 localhost NetworkManager[505]: <info> domain name 'lan'
Dec 12 16:43:32 localhost dbus[518]: [system] Activating via systemd: service name='org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher' unit='dbus-org.freedesktop.nm-dispatcher.service'
Dec 12 16:43:32 localhost dbus[518]: [system] Successfully activated service 'org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher'
Dec 12 16:43:32 localhost nm-dispatcher: Dispatching action 'dhcp4-change' for wlan0
Dec 12 16:43:33 localhost dhclient: bound to 192.168.1.65 -- renewal in 54 seconds.
Dec 12 16:43:33 localhost NetworkManager[505]: bound to 192.168.1.65 -- renewal in 54 seconds.
Dec 12 16:43:40 localhost dhcpd: Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Server 4.3.1
Dec 12 16:43:40 localhost dhcpd: Copyright 2004-2014 Internet Systems Consortium.
Dec 12 16:43:40 localhost dhcpd: All rights reserved.
Dec 12 16:43:40 localhost dhcpd: For info, please visit https://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/
Dec 12 16:43:40 localhost dhcpd: Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Server 4.3.1
Dec 12 16:43:40 localhost dhcpd: Copyright 2004-2014 Internet Systems Consortium.
Dec 12 16:43:40 localhost dhcpd: All rights reserved.
Dec 12 16:43:40 localhost dhcpd: For info, please visit https://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/
Dec 12 16:43:40 localhost dhcpd: Wrote 0 deleted Host decls to leases file.
Dec 12 16:43:40 localhost dhcpd: Wrote 0 new dynamic Host decls to leases file.
Dec 12 16:43:40 localhost dhcpd: Wrote 0 leases to leases file.
Dec 12 16:43:40 localhost dhcpd:
Dec 12 16:43:40 localhost dhcpd: No subnet declaration for eth0 (no IPv4 addresses).
Dec 12 16:43:40 localhost dhcpd: ** Ignoring requests on eth0. If this is not what
Dec 12 16:43:40 localhost dhcpd: you want, please write a subnet declaration
Dec 12 16:43:40 localhost dhcpd: in your dhcpd.conf file for the network segment
Dec 12 16:43:40 localhost dhcpd: to which interface eth0 is attached. **
Dec 12 16:43:40 localhost dhcpd:
Dec 12 16:43:40 localhost dhcpd:
Dec 12 16:43:40 localhost dhcpd: Not configured to listen on any interfaces!
Dec 12 16:43:40 localhost dhcpd:
Dec 12 16:43:40 localhost dhcpd: If you think you have received this message due to a bug rather
Dec 12 16:43:40 localhost dhcpd: than a configuration issue please read the section on submitting
Dec 12 16:43:40 localhost dhcpd: bugs on either our web page at www.isc.org or in the README file
Dec 12 16:43:40 localhost dhcpd: before submitting a bug. These pages explain the proper
Dec 12 16:43:40 localhost dhcpd: process and the information we find helpful for debugging..
Dec 12 16:43:40 localhost dhcpd:
Dec 12 16:43:40 localhost dhcpd: exiting.
Dec 12 16:43:42 localhost isc-dhcp-server[5729]: Starting ISC DHCP server: dhcpdcheck syslog for diagnostics. ... failed!
Dec 12 16:43:42 localhost isc-dhcp-server[5729]: failed!
Dec 12 16:43:42 localhost systemd[1]: isc-dhcp-server.service: control process exited, code=exited status=1
Dec 12 16:43:42 localhost systemd[1]: Failed to start LSB: DHCP server.
Dec 12 16:43:42 localhost systemd[1]: Unit isc-dhcp-server.service entered failed state.
Dois-je cacher mon adresse IP?
Il semble que votre configuration réseau ne corresponde pas à votre déclaration de sous-réseau dans dhcp.conf. Assurez-vous que vous disposez d'une adresse IP du sous-réseau 10.10.1.0/24 configurée. Vous pouvez vérifier cela en utilisant:
ip a
Si vous ne voyez pas une telle adresse IP, essayez de l'ajouter à e. g. eth0:
ip a a 10.10.1.200/24 dev eth0
Après cela, essayez à nouveau de réparer le package:
apt-get install -f
Si j'ai raison, il devrait installer le paquet et démarrer le démon DHCP et vous voudrez peut-être conserver cette adresse IP dans/etc/network/interfaces
Votre problème est ici:
Dec 12 16:43:40 localhost dhcpd: No subnet declaration for eth0 (no IPv4 addresses). Dec 12 16:43:40 localhost dhcpd: ** Ignoring requests on eth0. If this is not what Dec 12 16:43:40 localhost dhcpd: you want, please write a subnet declaration Dec 12 16:43:40 localhost dhcpd: in your dhcpd.conf file for the network segment Dec 12 16:43:40 localhost dhcpd: to which interface eth0 is attached. ** Dec 12 16:43:40 localhost dhcpd: Dec 12 16:43:40 localhost dhcpd: Dec 12 16:43:40 localhost dhcpd: Not configured to listen on any interfaces! Dec 12 16:43:40 localhost dhcpd: Dec 12 16:43:40 localhost dhcpd: If you think you have received this message due to a bug rather Dec 12 16:43:40 localhost dhcpd: than a configuration issue please read the section on submitting Dec 12 16:43:40 localhost dhcpd: bugs on either our web page at www.isc.org or in the README file Dec 12 16:43:40 localhost dhcpd: before submitting a bug. These pages explain the proper Dec 12 16:43:40 localhost dhcpd: process and the information we find helpful for debugging.. Dec 12 16:43:40 localhost dhcpd: Dec 12 16:43:40 localhost dhcpd: exiting.
Vous devriez pouvoir reproduire le message d'erreur en exécutant dhcpd -t -cf /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf.
Je suppose que vous souhaitez partager une connexion Internet sans fil avec d'autres hôtes sur Ethernet, comme dans le diagramme de topologie ci-dessous.
↑
│ Uplink
│
┌────────────┴────────────┐
│ wlan0 │
│ 192.168.1.65/24 │
│ │
│ semplice │
│ │
│ 10.10.1.1/24 │
│ eth0 │
└────────────┬────────────┘
│
┌──────────────┬───────┴────────┬──────────────┐
│ │ │ │
Host 1 Host 2 Host 3 Host 4
10.10.1.21 10.10.1.22 10.10.1.23 10.10.1.24
Je suppose que l'adresse de votre serveur pour eth0 est 10.10.1.1. Vérifiez qu'en exécutant ip addr show dev eth0.
Ensuite, vous devez configurer/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf pour distribuer des adresses sur le eth0 interface. Par défaut, dhcpd est configuré pour ne répondre à rien, car un serveur DHCP malhonnête exécuté par inadvertance ferait des ravages sur un réseau en distribuant des adresses à tout hôte qui en demanderait une.
Dans /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf, vous aurez besoin d'une strophe comme celle-ci:
subnet 10.10.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
option broadcast-address 10.10.1.255;
option routers 10.10.1.1;
pool {
range 10.10.1.21 10.10.1.254;
}
}
… En plus de déclarations telles que authoritative, domain-name, domain-name-servers, et default-lease-time. (Ajustez si nécessaire. Vous seul savez quels paramètres vous souhaitez pour votre réseau.)
De plus, pour Debian, vous devrez éditer /etc/default/isc-dhcp-server mettre en place
INTERFACES="eth0"
afin que le serveur écoute sur le port Ethernet. (Vous ne voulez pas écouter sur wlan0; votre point d'accès sans fil serait responsable de la distribution des adresses aux clients sans fil.)