Comment lister toutes les propriétés des dossiers
Comment lister les propriétés des dossiers d'un répertoire. Comme, je veux "trouver ./-type d 'et en même temps" les'.
Vous pouvez utiliser find directement pour imprimer les détails que vous souhaitez voir:
Pour des informations similaires à ll, vous pouvez afficher les informations ls -dils avec l'option -ls:
find . -type d -ls
Par exemple:
$ find /boot -type d -ls
3407873 4 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 May 8 09:58 /boot
3407874 4 drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 Jul 31 03:32 /boot/grub
3408122 4 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 27 2012 /boot/grub/fonts
3407884 12 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 12288 Apr 18 05:57 /boot/grub/i386-pc
3408117 4 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 18 05:57 /boot/grub/locale
Si vous souhaitez afficher plus de détails: l'option -printf prend une chaîne de format qui vous permet d'afficher toutes les propriétés du répertoire.
Par exemple, pour afficher le numéro d'inode et le nom de fichier brut:
find . -type d -printf '%i %f\n'
La chaîne de format est décrite dans man find:
-printf format
True; print format on the standard output, interpreting `\' escapes and `%' directives. Field widths
and precisions can be specified as with the `printf' C function. Please note that many of the fields
are printed as %s rather than %d, and this may mean that flags don't work as you might expect. This
also means that the `-' flag does work (it forces fields to be left-aligned). Unlike -print, -printf
does not add a newline at the end of the string. The escapes and directives are:
[... literal chars ...]
A `\' character followed by any other character is treated as an ordinary character, so they both are
printed.
%% A literal percent sign.
%a File's last access time in the format returned by the C `ctime' function.
%Ak File's last access time in the format specified by k, which is either `@' or a directive for the
C `strftime' function. The possible values for k are listed below; some of them might not be
available on all systems, due to differences in `strftime' between systems.
[... many more time formats ...]
%b The amount of disk space used for this file in 512-byte blocks. Since disk space is allocated in
multiples of the filesystem block size this is usually greater than %s/512, but it can also be
smaller if the file is a sparse file.
%c File's last status change time in the format returned by the C `ctime' function.
%Ck File's last status change time in the format specified by k, which is the same as for %A.
%d File's depth in the directory tree; 0 means the file is a command line argument.
%D The device number on which the file exists (the st_dev field of struct stat), in decimal.
%f File's name with any leading directories removed (only the last element).
%F Type of the filesystem the file is on; this value can be used for -fstype.
%g File's group name, or numeric group ID if the group has no name.
%G File's numeric group ID.
%h Leading directories of file's name (all but the last element). If the file name contains no
slashes (since it is in the current directory) the %h specifier expands to ".".
%H Command line argument under which file was found.
%i File's inode number (in decimal).
%k The amount of disk space used for this file in 1K blocks. Since disk space is allocated in mul‐
tiples of the filesystem block size this is usually greater than %s/1024, but it can also be
smaller if the file is a sparse file.
%l Object of symbolic link (empty string if file is not a symbolic link).
%m File's permission bits (in octal). This option uses the `traditional' numbers which most Unix
implementations use, but if your particular implementation uses an unusual ordering of octal
permissions bits, you will see a difference between the actual value of the file's mode and the
output of %m. Normally you will want to have a leading zero on this number, and to do this,
you should use the # flag (as in, for example, `%#m').
%M File's permissions (in symbolic form, as for ls). This directive is supported in findutils
4.2.5 and later.
%n Number of hard links to file.
%p File's name.
%P File's name with the name of the command line argument under which it was found removed.
%s File's size in bytes.
%S File's sparseness. This is calculated as (BLOCKSIZE*st_blocks / st_size). The exact value you
will get for an ordinary file of a certain length is system-dependent. However, normally sparse
files will have values less than 1.0, and files which use indirect blocks may have a value which
is greater than 1.0. The value used for BLOCKSIZE is system-dependent, but is usually 512
bytes. If the file size is zero, the value printed is undefined. On systems which lack sup‐
port for st_blocks, a file's sparseness is assumed to be 1.0.
%t File's last modification time in the format returned by the C `ctime' function.
%Tk File's last modification time in the format specified by k, which is the same as for %A.
%u File's user name, or numeric user ID if the user has no name.
%U File's numeric user ID.
%y File's type (like in ls -l), U=unknown type (shouldn't happen)
%Y File's type (like %y), plus follow symlinks: L=loop, N=nonexistent
A `%' character followed by any other character is discarded, but the other character is printed (don't
rely on this, as further format characters may be introduced). A `%' at the end of the format argument
causes undefined behaviour since there is no following character. In some locales, it may hide your
door keys, while in others it may remove the final page from the novel you are reading.
The %m and %d directives support the # , 0 and + flags, but the other directives do not, even if they
print numbers. Numeric directives that do not support these flags include G, U, b, D, k and n. The
`-' format flag is supported and changes the alignment of a field from right-justified (which is the
default) to left-justified.
See the UNUSUAL FILENAMES section for information about how unusual characters in filenames are han‐
dled.
Si vous avez besoin d'une autre variante d'une commande de recherche, vous pouvez en faire beaucoup avec find - la page de manuel est assez longue.
Par exemple, si vous souhaitez omettre les répertoires cachés, ceux dont le nom commence par ., et ne montrer que le premier niveau de répertoires, vous pouvez utiliser ceci:
find . -maxdepth 1 -type d -name '[^.]*' -printf '%i %p\n'
$ find /boot -maxdepth 1 -type d -name '[^.]*' -printf '%i %p\n'
3407873 /boot
3407874 /boot/grub
(Examinez les deux nouvelles parties de la commande - elles sont souvent utiles.)
Cette affiche toutes les propriétés du dossier inclus dans le répertoire racine ls -all / . J'espère que c'est ce que tu voulais
Si votre shell est zsh et que vous avez étendu la globalisation (setopt extended_glob en vous .zshrc), vous pouvez utiliser
ls -ld *(/)
Le terme global glob patter signifie: liste toutes les entrées qui sont des répertoires. Si vous avez besoin que cela soit récursif comme dans find, vous pouvez utiliser
ls -ld **/*(/)
Je suis sûr qu'il y a l'équivalent pour bash aussi ...